Increases Metabolic Rate
Stimulates Lipolysis
Synergistic Ingredients Potentiate Maximum Fat Loss
Enhances Mood, Satiety, and Focus
Activates Fat Burning at the Cellular Level
Clinical Dosing
Fully Transparent Label

About

Reducing body fat is essential for showing off a physique built from endless hours of hard work. In fact, it’s essential for having any body worth showing off at all! But hard work doesn’t always equal out to hard body. Having a low enough fat percentage to make abs looked like they were chiseled from stone requires quite a bit more than extra cardio and diet control. This is exactly why fat burners are essential in the supplement routines of bodybuilders, fitness models, and physique athletes, and Purge Sports is raising the bar all the way to the top with RIPTX™!

4 Clinically-Dosed, Potent Blends + Mineral Support Provide Everything Needed to Incinerate Fat
Caffeine & Infinergy™ Combine for the Most Powerful 1-2 Thermogenic Punch
Paradoxine® Activates Brown Adipose Tissue for Precise Fat Loss
ForsLean® Forskolin Stimulates Lipolysis to Enhance Fat Burning
TeaCrine® Boosts Mood and Focus to Help Control Hunger Cravings

Consistent with our promise, RIPTX™ is engineered for perfection, providing 20 full-strength, fat-burning ingredients for maximum body fat loss. In order to create a shredded physique, multiple bodily processes must be activated, and RIPTX™ was built for ultimate ingredient synergy to increase caloric burn rate, release fat from body storages, drive that fat into the mitochondria to be burned, and prevent additional fat from being stored in its place. RIPTX™ is the total package. Get RIPPED with RIPTX™.

Supp Facts

Best Fat Burner

Ingredients

Chromium
Chromium is an essential mineral with a role in insulin regulation and glucose management. It affects chromodulin, which improves its ability to enhance insulin receptor activity.

Improves efficiency of insulin to reduce both blood levels of insulin and glucose.
The enhanced glucose management likely is responsible for observed weight loss effects of chromium.
Reduces carbohydrate cravings and binge eating.

Iodine
Iodine is a mineral mostly found in seaweed and other saltwater plants. Due to great benefits to thyroid health, iodine is added to salt, though current dietary trends may still produce insufficient intake.

Iodine is a principal component of thyroid hormones, such as triiodothyronine (T3), which regulate body weight.
May enhance IGF-1, as iodine deficiency reduces growth factor concentrations.
High levels of T3 are often associated with fat loss.

RIPTX™ Metabolic Matrix

L-Carnitine (as Acetyl L-Carnitine and L-Carnitine Tartrate)
L-Carnitine is a dipeptide of lysine and methionine. It plays a critical role in energy regulation between cells and mitochondria.

Helps fatty acids cross the mitochondrial matrix membrane so they may be utilized for ATP production.
Decreases fatigue and improves athletic performance.
Acetyl L-Carnitine is unique in its ability to cross the blood brain barrier, improving cognition and focus.

ForsLean® Forskolin
Forskolin from Coleus Forskohlii is capable of activating the molecular targets, adenylate cyclase and cyclic AMP (cAMP), which result in favorable effects of forskolin supplementation.

Supplementation has been proven to reduce fat mass.
May increases anabolism and muscle hypertrophy by increasing free testosterone.
Activates lipolysis.

Pterostilbene
An antioxidant that has evidence for reducing blood sugar and improving insulin efficacy. Protects the brain and other tissues from free radicals.

A study examining the health effects of pterostilbene found reduced blood pressure and body weight after 6-8 weeks.
Improves cognition and focus.
Reduces anxiety, easing stress associated with dieting.

BioPerine® Piperine
BioPerine® is a black pepper fruit extract containing at least 95% piperine – its active ingredient. Piperine is used to improve intestinal absorption.

Increases nutrient absorption by as much as 2000%.
Slows gastric emptying and may improve satiety

Mood Support & Appetite Control

L-Tyrosine
L-Tyrosine helps to activate metabolic pathways that adrenaline – which are typically produced during acute stress and “fight or flight” scenarios.

Adrenaline is quickly depleted during stressful moments due to a lack of L-Tyrosine.
Supplements including L-tyrosine and caffeine can maintain reaction time and improve subjective feelings of focus and alertness following exhaustive exercise.
Structurally similar to thyroid hormones and may help in their formation.

N-Phenylethyldimethylamine HCl
From Eria Jarensis, N- Phenylethyldimethylamine is believed to produce effects comparable to 1,3-dimethylamylamine (DMAA) due to structural similarities. Due to its novelty, reports thus far are anecdotal.

Enhances mood and focus while providing feelings of euphoria
Boosts Fat Loss

TeaCrine® Theacrine
Theacrine is an alkaloid found in coffee in small quantities. Structurally similar to caffeine, it provides similar benefits but without the adrenaline rush and with greater euphoria.

Has demonstrated efficacy for improving pain tolerance, enhancing ability to cope with physical stress, such as exercise.
Improves attention and focus.
reduces fatigue, and works synergistically with caffeine to improve cognition.

Huperzia Serrata Extract
Huperzia Serrata contains Huperzine A and other analogues of Huperzine, which function as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. This increases the amount of acetylcholine in the body for better mind and muscle function.

Improves cognition and memory.
May have neuroprotective effects.
Increasing acetylcholine in the muscle could strengthen muscle contractions.

RIPTX™ Energy & TAG Release Matrix

Caffeine Anhydrous
Caffeine is the world’s most popular supplement. It is capable of many things, including increasing metabolic rate and thermogenesis, boosting fat oxidation, enhancing pain tolerance, and improving athletic performance.

One study in trained athletes found improved power output (7%) and total work performed (8.5%) compared to placebo. More power and more work equals more gains.
Supplementation with 400mg caffeine (the amount in RIPTX) has been found to increase thermogenesis by 300 Calories per day – potentially eliminating an entire day’s worth of calories over a 1 week span.
Can improve endurance performance up to 40%.

L-Theanine
A main ingredient in tea and coffee, L-Theanine has structural similarities to neurotransmitters and is often used to compliment caffeine.

While caffeine is an absolute upper, L-Theanine helps promote relaxation without also promoting drowsiness. In other words, L-Theanine takes the edge off caffeine.
This results in improved cognition and attention that is additive to either ingredient alone.
May delay effects of aging

Green Coffee Bean Extract
Green Coffee Bean Extract has a number of active ingredients, the primary one being chlorogenic acid. This phytonutrient has been found to have long-term anti-diabetic effects.

One moderately unique quality of chlorogenic acid is its ability to reduce carbohydrate absorption. This decreases glucose, insulin, and caloric intake to promote weight loss.
May enhance cognition and focus independent of caffeine.
Has been shown to improve weight loss – chlorogenic acid produced 5.4 kg weight lost compared to just 1.7 kg with placebo over 12 weeks.

Infinergy™ Dicaffeine Malate
Infinergy™ provides all of the same great benefits as caffeine anhydrous. However, it’s specialized form with malic acid affords it the benefit of having no crash or jitters.

Adrenaline, fat oxidation, performance, no crash!

Rauwolscine
Rauwolscine is a yohimbine analogue, alpha yohimbine. Like yohimbine it is an adrenergic antagonist capable of improving fat loss, efficacy of other ingredients, and acting as an aphrodisiac.

Works well with caffeine to potentiate caffeine sensitivity.
As an α-2 antagonist, rauwolscine works to block the body’s ability to stop fat loss

RIPTX™ Thermogenic Matrix

Higenamine
Higenamine is found in fruits and other plants and possesses β-2 adrenergic agonist potential – the same mechanism for fat loss as ephedrine

Acts as a bronchiol dilator and adrenergic agonist at receptors known to increase fat loss.
A single dose of higenamine with caffeine and other supplements found in RIPTX increases lipolysis and metabolic rate.
May improve glucose uptake into muscle cells.

Paradoxine® Grains of Paradise
Otherwise known as Aframomum melegueta, Grains of Paradise contains 6-paradol, which activates heat receptors – similar to hot peppers – and stimulates brown adipose tissue.

Increases energy expenditure by ~400 kilojoules per day.
Activates “fat-burning fat” brown adipose tissue.
The only study examining the effects of Aframomum melegueta has found 300% increase in testosterone in rats after 8 days and may inhibit estrogen.

GBB (Gamma-butyrobetaine ethyl ester chloride)
GBB is a natural precursor to L-Carnitine. L-Carnitine is required to transport fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane so they may be burned off. L-Carnitine is also a capable performance enhancer and recovery aid.

May increase carnitine levels more effectively than carnitine supplementation due to better absorption.
Known muscle soreness and damage reducing effects.
Increasing muscle carnitine is associated with a loss of fat mass.

Octopalean™ Octopamine
Octopamine is a metabolite of synephrine and a stimulant with fat-burning effects.

Inhibits fat cells’ ability to absorb glucose.
Increases lipolysis

FAQ

Q: What is the best way to use RIPTX™?

A: RIPTX™ is an extremely potent fat burner and thermogenic. If you are new to fat burners, begin with 1/2 serving (1/2 scoop, 2.25g) to assess tolerance. Afterwards, take 1 serving (1 scoop, 5.5g) first thing in the morning. For aggressive weight loss, take a second serving 4-6 hours after the morning dose. Do not exceed more than 2 servings per day. Do not take within 8 hours of bed time. For best results, use for 4 weeks with 2 weeks off before beginning another 4 week cycle.

Q: What other Purge Sports products should be used with RIPTX™?

A: For the best improvements in total body composition, use RIPTX™ with PREV2™ pre workout for the best training experience and BCAAX™ during workouts to prevent loss of muscle while in a cutting phase.

Q: What are some of the ingredients in RIPTX™ that create synergistic fat loss?

A: Many of the ingredients in RIPTX™ work together for a result greater than the sum of its parts. By addressing specific molecular mechanisms deep below the surface, RIPTX sets itself apart from other fat burners. For example, Rauwolscine improves the effects of caffeine to limit caffeine tolerance and keep it working for greater periods of time than caffeine alone. RIPTX™ collectively increases, not just calories burned but, calories burned from BODY fat, while most fat burners just make you tweak out!

References

Chromium

Król, E., Krejpcio, Z., Byks, H., Bogdański, P., & Pupek-Musialik, D. (2011). Effects of chromium brewer’s yeast supplementation on body mass, blood carbohydrates, and lipids and minerals in type 2 diabetic patients. Biological trace element research, 143(2), 726-737.
Racek, J., Trefil, L., Rajdl, D., Mudrova, V., Hunter, D., & Senft, V. (2006). Influence of chromium-enriched yeast on blood glucose and insulin variables, blood lipids, and markers of oxidative stress in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biological trace element research, 109(3), 215-230.
Aghdassi, E., Arendt, B. M., Salit, I. E., Mohammed, S. S., Jalali, P., Bondar, H., & Allard, J. P. (2010). In patients with HIV-infection, chromium supplementation improves insulin resistance and other metabolic abnormalities: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Current HIV Research, 8(2), 113-120.
Kim, C. W., Kim, B. T., Park, K. H., Kim, K. M., Lee, D. J., Yang, S. W., & Joo, N. S. (2011). Effects of short-term chromium supplementation on insulin sensitivity and body composition in overweight children: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry, 22(11), 1030-1034.
Docherty, J. P., Sack, D. A., Roffman, M., Finch, M., & Komorowski, J. R. (2005). A double-blind, placebo-controlled, exploratory trial of chromium picolinate in atypical depression: effect on carbohydrate craving. Journal of Psychiatric Practice®, 11(5), 302-314.

Iodine

Paul, T., Meyers, B., Witorsch, R. J., Pino, S., Chipkin, S., Ingbar, S. H., & Braverman, L. E. (1988). The effect of small increases in dietary iodine on thyroid function in euthyroid subjects. Metabolism-Clinical and Experimental, 37(2), 121-124.
Gardner, D. F., Centor, R. M., & Utiger, R. D. (1988). Effects of low dose oral iodide supplementation on thyroid function in normal men. Clinical endocrinology, 28(3), 283-288.
Teas, J., Braverman, L. E., Kurzer, M. S., Pino, S., Hurley, T. G., & Hebert, J. R. (2007). Seaweed and soy: companion foods in Asian cuisine and their effects on thyroid function in American women. Journal of medicinal food, 10(1), 90-100.
Alikaşifoğlu, A., Ozön, A., & Yordam, N. (2002). Serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein-3 levels in severe iodine deficiency. The Turkish journal of pediatrics, 44(3), 215-218.

RIPTX™ Metabolic Matrix
L-Carnitine (as Acetyl L-Carnitine and L-Carnitine Tartrate)

Wall, B. T., Stephens, F. B., Constantin‐Teodosiu, D., Marimuthu, K., Macdonald, I. A., & Greenhaff, P. L. (2011). Chronic oral ingestion of l‐carnitine and carbohydrate increases muscle carnitine content and alters muscle fuel metabolism during exercise in humans. The Journal of physiology, 589(4), 963-973.
Jacobs, P. L., Goldstein, E. R., Blackburn, W., Orem, I., & Hughes, J. J. (2009). Glycine propionyl-L-carnitine produces enhanced anaerobic work capacity with reduced lactate accumulation in resistance trained males. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 6(1), 9.
Volek, J. S., Judelson, D. A., Silvestre, R., Yamamoto, L. M., Spiering, B. A., Hatfield, D. L., ... & Kraemer, W. J. (2008). Effects of carnitine supplementation on flow-mediated dilation and vascular inflammatory responses to a high-fat meal in healthy young adults. The American journal of cardiology, 102(10), 1413-1417.
Cao, Y., Qu, H. J., Li, P., Wang, C. B., Wang, L. X., & Han, Z. W. (2011). Single dose administration of L-carnitine improves antioxidant activities in healthy subjects. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine, 224(3), 209-213.
Cuturic, M., Abramson, R. K., Moran, R. R., & Hardin, J. W. (2010). Clinical outcomes and low-dose levocarnitine supplementation in psychiatric inpatients with documented hypocarnitinemia: a retrospective chart review. Journal of Psychiatric Practice®, 16(1), 5-14.

ForsLean® Forskolin

Godard, M. P., Johnson, B. A., & Richmond, S. R. (2005). Body composition and hormonal adaptations associated with forskolin consumption in overweight and obese men. Obesity research, 13(8), 1335-1343.
Henderson, S., Magu, B., Rasmussen, C., Lancaster, S., Kerksick, C., Smith, P., ... & Almada, A. (2005). Effects of coleus forskohlii supplementation on body composition and hematological profiles in mildly overweight women. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2(2), 54.
Alasbahi, R. H., & Melzig, M. F. (2012). Forskolin and derivatives as tools for studying the role of cAMP. Die Pharmazie-An International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 67(1), 5-13.
Burns, T. W., Langley, P. E., Terry, B. E., Bylund, D. B., & Forte Jr, L. R. (1987). Comparative effects of forskolin and isoproterenol on the cyclic AMP content of human adipocytes. Life sciences, 40(2), 145-154.
Litosch, I., Hudson, T. H., Mills, I., Li, S. Y., & Fain, J. N. (1982). Forskolin as an activator of cyclic AMP accumulation and lipolysis in rat adipocytes. Molecular pharmacology, 22(1), 109-115.

Pterostilbene

Riche, D. M., Riche, K. D., Blackshear, C. T., McEwen, C. L., Sherman, J. J., Wofford, M. R., & Griswold, M. E. (2014). Pterostilbene on metabolic parameters: a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014.
Al Rahim, M., Rimando, A. M., Silistreli, K., & El-Alfy, A. T. (2013). Anxiolytic action of pterostilbene: involvement of hippocampal ERK phosphorylation. Planta medica, 79(09), 723-730.
Joseph, J. A., Fisher, D. R., Cheng, V., Rimando, A. M., & Shukitt-Hale, B. (2008). Cellular and behavioral effects of stilbene resveratrol analogues: implications for reducing the deleterious effects of aging. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 56(22), 10544-10551.

BioPerine® Piperine

Shoba, G., Joy, D., Joseph₁, T., Rajendran, M. M. R., & Srinivas, P. S. S. R. (1998). Influence of piperine on the pharmacokinetics of curcumin in animals and human volunteers. Planta medica, 64, 353-356.
Bajad, S., Bedi, K. L., Singla, A. K., & Johri, R. K. (2001). Piperine inhibits gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit in rats and mice. Planta medica, 67(02), 176-179.
Ononiwu, I. M., Ibeneme, C. E., & Ebong, O. O. (2002). Effects of piperine on gastric acid secretion in albino rats. African journal of medicine and medical sciences, 31(4), 293-295.

Mood Support & Appetite Control
L-Tyrosine

Benedict, C. R., Anderson, G. H., & Sole, M. J. (1983). The influence of oral tyrosine and tryptophan feeding on plasma catecholamines in man. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 38(3), 429-435.
Neri, D. F., Wiegmann, D., Stanny, R. R., Shappell, S. A., McCardie, A., & McKay, D. L. (1995). The effects of tyrosine on cognitive performance during extended wakefulness. Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.
Acworth, I. N., During, M. J., & Wurtman, R. J. (1988). Tyrosine: effects on catecholamine release. Brain research bulletin, 21(3), 473-477.
Alonso, R., Gibson, C. J., Wurtman, R. J., Agharanya, J. C., & Prieto, L. (1982). Elevation of urinary catecholamines and their metabolites following tyrosine administration in humans. Biological psychiatry, 17(7), 781-790.
Hoffman, J. R., Kang, J., Ratamess, N. A., Hoffman, M. W., Tranchina, C. P., & Faigenbaum, A. D. (2009). Examination of a pre-exercise, high energy supplement on exercise performance. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 6(1), 2.

N-Phenylethyldimethylamine HCl

Zovico, P. V. C., Curty, V. M., Leal, M. A. S., Meira, E. F., Dias, D. V., de Melo Rodrigues, L. C., ... & Barauna, V. G. (2016). Effects of controlled doses of Oxyelite Pro on physical performance in rats. Nutrition & metabolism, 13(1), 90.
Bloomer, R. J., Mccarthy, C. G., Farney, T. M., & Harvey, I. C. (2011). Effect of caffeine and 1, 3-dimethylamylamine on exercise performance and blood markers of lipolysis and oxidative stress in trained men and women. Journal of Caffeine Research, 1(3), 169-177.

TeaCrine® Theacrine

Ziegenfuss, T. N., Habowski, S. M., Sandrock, J. E., Kedia, A. W., Kerksick, C. M., & Lopez, H. L. (2017). A two-part approach to examine the effects of theacrine (TeaCrine®) supplementation on oxygen consumption, hemodynamic responses, and subjective measures of cognitive and psychometric parameters. Journal of dietary supplements, 14(1), 9-24.
Kalman, D. J., Joyner, K. J., & Bloomer, R. J. (2015). Cognitive performance and mood following ingestion of a theacrine-containing dietary supplement, caffeine, or placebo by young men and women. Nutrients, 7(11), 9618-9632.
Wang, Y., Yang, X., Zheng, X., Li, J., Ye, C., & Song, X. (2010). Theacrine, a purine alkaloid with anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Fitoterapia, 81(6), 627-631.

Huperzia Serrata Extract

Brock, R. W., Tschakovsky, M. E., Shoemaker, J. K., Halliwill, J. R., Joyner, M. J., & Hughson, R. L. (1998). Effects of acetylcholine and nitric oxide on forearm blood flow at rest and after a single muscle contraction. Journal of Applied Physiology, 85(6), 2249-2254.
Witzemann, V., Schwarz, H., Koenen, M., Berberich, C., Villarroel, A., Wernig, A., ... & Sakmann, B. (1996). Acetylcholine receptor ɛ-subunit deletion causes muscle weakness and atrophy in juvenile and adult mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 93(23), 13286-13291.
Zhao, Q., & Tang, X. C. (2002). Effects of huperzine A on acetylcholinesterase isoforms in vitro: comparison with tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine and physostigmine. European journal of pharmacology, 455(2-3), 101-107.
Gul, A., Bakht, J., & Mehmood, F. (2018). Huperzine-A response to cognitive impairment and task switching deficits in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association.

RIPTX™ Energy & TAG Release Matrix
Caffeine Anhydrous

Bellar, D., Kamimori, G. H., & Glickman, E. L. (2011). The effects of low-dose caffeine on perceived pain during a grip to exhaustion task. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(5), 1225-1228.
Bell, D. G., & McLellan, T. M. (2002). Exercise endurance 1, 3, and 6 h after caffeine ingestion in caffeine users and nonusers. Journal of Applied Physiology, 93(4), 1227-1234.
Schneiker, K. T., Bishop, D., Dawson, B., & Hackett, L. P. (2006). Effects of caffeine on prolonged intermittent-sprint ability in team-sport athletes. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 38(3), 578-585.
Del Coso, J., Salinero, J. J., González-Millán, C., Abián-Vicén, J., & Pérez-González, B. (2012). Dose response effects of a caffeine-containing energy drink on muscle performance: a repeated measures design. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 9(1), 21.
Anderson, D. E., & Hickey, M. S. (1994). Effects of caffeine on the metabolic and catecholamine responses to exercise in 5 and 28 degrees C. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 26(4), 453-458.
Norager, C. B., Jensen, M. B., Weimann, A., & Madsen, M. R. (2006). Metabolic effects of caffeine ingestion and physical work in 75‐year old citizens. A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, cross‐over study. Clinical endocrinology, 65(2), 223-228.
Astrup, A., Toubro, S., Cannon, S., Hein, P., Breum, L., & Madsen, J. (1990). Caffeine: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of its thermogenic, metabolic, and cardiovascular effects in healthy volunteers. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 51(5), 759-767.

Infingergy® (Dicaffeine Malate)

Sommerfeld, A., & Witherly, S. (2014). S. Patent No. 8,642,095. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

L-Theanine

Haskell, C. F., Kennedy, D. O., Milne, A. L., Wesnes, K. A., & Scholey, A. B. (2008). The effects of L-theanine, caffeine and their combination on cognition and mood. Biological psychology, 77(2), 113-122.
Park, S. K., Jung, I. C., Lee, W. K., Lee, Y. S., Park, H. K., Go, H. J., ... & Rho, S. S. (2011). A combination of green tea extract and l-theanine improves memory and attention in subjects with mild cognitive impairment: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Journal of medicinal food, 14(4), 334-343.
Zarse, K., Jabin, S., & Ristow, M. (2012). L-Theanine extends lifespan of adult Caenorhabditis elegans. European journal of nutrition, 51(6), 765-768.
Higashiyama, A., Htay, H. H., Ozeki, M., Juneja, L. R., & Kapoor, M. P. (2011). Effects of l-theanine on attention and reaction time response. Journal of Functional Foods, 3(3), 171-178.
Einöther, S. J., Martens, V. E., Rycroft, J. A., & De Bruin, E. A. (2010). L-theanine and caffeine improve task switching but not intersensory attention or subjective alertness. Appetite, 54(2), 406-409.

Green Coffee Bean Extract

Cropley, V., Croft, R., Silber, B., Neale, C., Scholey, A., Stough, C., & Schmitt, J. (2012). Does coffee enriched with chlorogenic acids improve mood and cognition after acute administration in healthy elderly? A pilot study. Psychopharmacology, 219(3), 737-749.
Van Dijk, A. E., Olthof, M. R., Meeuse, J. C., Seebus, E., Heine, R. J., & Van Dam, R. M. (2009). Acute effects of decaffeinated coffee and the major coffee components chlorogenic acid and trigonelline on glucose tolerance. Diabetes Care, 32(6), 1023-1025.
Thom, E. (2007). The effect of chlorogenic acid enriched coffee on glucose absorption in healthy volunteers and its effect on body mass when used long-term in overweight and obese people. Journal of International Medical Research, 35(6), 900-908.
Sato, Y., Itagaki, S., Kurokawa, T., Ogura, J., Kobayashi, M., Hirano, T., ... & Iseki, K. (2011). In vitro and in vivo antioxidant properties of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid. International journal of pharmaceutics, 403(1-2), 136-138.

Rauwolscine

Perry, B. D., & U'Prichard, D. C. (1981). [3H] Rauwolscine (α-yohimbine): a specific antagonist radioligand for brain α2-adrenergic receptors. European journal of pharmacology, 76(4), 461-464.
Rockhold, R. W., & Gross, F. (1981). Yohimbine diastereoisomers: Cardiovascular effects after central and peripheral application in the rat. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 315(3), 227-231.
Arthur, J. M., Casańas, S. J., & Raymond, J. R. (1993). Partial agonist properties of rauwolscine and yohimbine for the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase by recombinant human 5-HT1A receptors. Biochemical pharmacology, 45(11), 2337-2341.

RIPTX™ Thermogenic Matrix
Higenamine

Kato, E., Kimura, S., & Kawabata, J. (2017). Ability of higenamine and related compounds to enhance glucose uptake in L6 cells. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 25(24), 6412-6416.
Lee, S. R., Schriefer, J. M., Gunnels, T. A., Harvey, I. C., & Bloomer, R. J. (2013). Acute oral intake of a higenamine-based dietary supplement increases circulating free fatty acids and energy expenditure in human subjects. Lipids in health and disease, 12(1), 148.
Liu, W., Sato, Y., Hosoda, Y., Hirasawa, K., & Hanai, H. (2001). Effects of higenamine on regulation of ion transport in guinea pig distal colon. The Japanese Journal of Pharmacology, 84(3), 244-251.
Nojima, H., Okazaki, M., & Kimura, I. (2000). Counter effects of higenamine and coryneine, components of aconite root, on acetylcholine release from motor nerve terminal in mice. Journal of Asian natural products research, 2(3), 195-203.

Paradoxine® Grains of Paradise

Riera, C. E., Menozzi‐Smarrito, C., Affolter, M., Michlig, S., Munari, C., Robert, F., ... & Le Coutre, J. (2009). Compounds from Sichuan and Melegueta peppers activate, covalently and non‐covalently, TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels. British journal of pharmacology, 157(8), 1398-1409.
Massoma Lembè, D., Gasco, M., Rubio, J., Yucra, S., Ngo Sock, E., & Gonzales, G. F. (2011). Effect of the ethanolic extract from Fagara tessmannii on testicular function, sex reproductive organs and hormone level in adult male rats. Andrologia, 43(2), 139-144.
El-Halawany, A. M., El Dine, R. S., Chung, M. H., Nishihara, T., & Hattori, M. (2011). Screening for estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities of plants growing in Egypt and Thailand. Pharmacognosy research, 3(2), 107.
Sugita, J., Yoneshiro, T., Hatano, T., Aita, S., Ikemoto, T., Uchiwa, H., ... & Saito, M. (2013). Grains of paradise (Aframomum melegueta) extract activates brown adipose tissue and increases whole-body energy expenditure in men. British Journal of Nutrition, 110(4), 733-738.

GBB (Gamma-butyrobetaine ethyl ester chloride)

Bach, A. (1982). Carnitine biosynthesis in mammals. Reproduction, nutrition, developpement, 22(4), 583-596.
Bremer, J. (1983). Carnitine--metabolism and functions. Physiological reviews, 63(4), 1420-1480.
Strijbis, K., Vaz, F. M., & Distel, B. (2010). Enzymology of the carnitine biosynthesis pathway. IUBMB life, 62(5), 357-362.
Pistone, G., Marino, A. D., Leotta, C., Dell’Arte, S., Finocchiaro, G., & Malaguarnera, M. (2003). Levocarnitine administration in elderly subjects with rapid muscle fatigue. Drugs & aging, 20(10), 761-767.
Malaguarnera, M., Cammalleri, L., Gargante, M. P., Vacante, M., Colonna, V., & Motta, M. (2007). l-Carnitine treatment reduces severity of physical and mental fatigue and increases cognitive functions in centenarians: a randomized and controlled clinical trial–. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 86(6), 1738-1744.
Kraemer, W. J., Volek, J. S., French, D. N., Rubin, M. R., Sharman, M. J., Gomez, A. L., ... & Hakkinen, K. (2003). The effects of L-carnitine L-tartrate supplementation on hormonal responses to resistance exercise and recovery. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 17(3), 455-462.
Jacobs, P. L., & Goldstein, E. R. (2010). Long-term glycine propionyl-l-carnitine supplemention and paradoxical effects on repeated anaerobic sprint performance. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 7(1), 35.
Jacobs, P. L., Goldstein, E. R., Blackburn, W., Orem, I., & Hughes, J. J. (2009). Glycine propionyl-L-carnitine produces enhanced anaerobic work capacity with reduced lactate accumulation in resistance trained males. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 6(1), 9.

Octopalean™ Octopamine

Visentin, V., Morin, N., Fontana, E., Prévot, D., Boucher, J., Castan, I., ... & Carpéné, C. (2001). Dual action of octopamine on glucose transport into adipocytes: inhibition via β3-adrenoceptor activation and stimulation via oxidation by amine oxidases. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 299(1), 96-104.
Flechtner-Mors, M., Jenkinson, C. P., Alt, A., Adler, G., & Ditschuneit, H. H. (2002). In vivo α1-adrenergic lipolytic activity in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese subjects. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 301(1), 229-233.
Fontana, E., Morin, N., Prévot, D., & Carpéné, C. (2000). Effects of octopamine on lipolysis, glucose transport and amine oxidation in mammalian fat cells. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology, 125(1), 33-44.
Marti, L., Morin, N., Enrique-Tarancon, G., Prevot, D., Lafontan, M., Testar, X., ... & Carpéné, C. (1998). Tyramine and vanadate synergistically stimulate glucose transport in rat adipocytes by amine oxidase-dependent generation of hydrogen peroxide. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 285(1), 342-349.

WARNING

California’s Proposition 65 entitles California consumers to special warnings.

WARNING: Cancer and Reproductive Harm - www.P65warnings.ca.gov/

Purge Products